
Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Indications, Considerations, and Management
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Learning Objectives:
1) Identify patients who suffer from obstructive sleep apnea who may benefit from hypoglossal nerve stimulator therapy.
2) Understand the mechanism of hypoglossal nerve stimulation and the surgical technique for implantation.
3) Outline the post-implantation pathway including acclimation, titration, and troubleshooting.

Paul Covello
MD, DDS, FACS
Dr. Covello is a board-certified, fellowship-trained oral and maxillofacial surgeon, head and neck surgical oncologist, and microvascular reconstructive surgeon. He currently serves as the Program Director of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Geisinger Health and as an Assistant Professor at the Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine in Wilkes-Barre, PA.
A Chicago native, he completed his undergraduate and dental education at Marquette University (Milwaukee, WI) and medical school at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine (New York, NY). He then pursued an oral and maxillofacial surgery residency at Mount Sinai Beth Israel – Jacobi Medical Centers (New York, NY) and a fellowship in head and neck oncology with microvascular reconstruction at Louisiana State University (Shreveport, LA).
His clinical interests include head and neck oncology, microvascular reconstruction, salivary gland diseases, obstructive sleep apnea, and craniomaxillofacial trauma. Dr. Covello is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, American College of Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons, and the International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.
He holds an ABOMS Certificate of Added Qualification in Head and Neck Oncologic and Reconstructive Surgery and serves on the Board of the Pennsylvania Society of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.
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